Maria Haldy

Maria married Martey Zwalla on 07 Jan 1593. Martey (son of Christian Zwalla and Maria Allen) was born on 6 Aug 1571 in Saanen, Aargau, Switzerland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Christian married Anna Grundisch on 15 Feb 1629. Anna was born on 23 Mar 1605/1606 in Saanen, Aargau, Switzerland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Matthias married Margaretha Muliner on 1 Feb 1658. Margaretha was born on 23 Dec 1635 in Saanen, Aargau, Switzerland; died on 25 Dec 1693 in Wellesweiler, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Christian married Katherina Margaretha Wolfanger in 1681. Katherina (daughter of Johnnes Wolfanger and Anna Katharina) was born in 1659 in Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany; died on 09 Jun 1722 in Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Hans married Anna Margartha Kurz on 18 Feb 1715. Anna (daughter of Hans Jost Kurz and Anna Margareta Harich) was born on 09 Jan 1697 in Wiebelskirchen, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany; died on 16 Oct 1774 in Wellesweiler, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Anna Elisabeth Kurz. Anna (daughter of Johann Jakob Kurz and Maria Magdalena) was born on 31 Jan 1734/1735 in Ottweiler, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany; died on 24 Jan 1763. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maria married Johann Nikolaus Lander on 29 Oct 1771 in Wiebelskirchen, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany. Johann (son of Johann Friedrich Lander and Anna Barbara Thomass) was born on 27 Jun 1751 in Wiebelskirchen, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany; died on 18 Mar 1811 in Wiebelskirchen, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maria married Johann Peter Schutz on 29 Nov 1791 in Wiebelskirchen, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany. Johann was born on 16 Jun 1763 in Wiebelskirchen, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany; died on 8 Mar 1837 in Wiebelskirchen, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maria married Johann Jost Jakob Schley on 24 Jan 1797 in Wiebelskirchen, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany. Johann (son of Johann Jost Schley and Katherina Klein) was born on 1 Mar 1774 in Wiebelskirchen, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany; died on 9 Mar 1855 in Wiebelskirchen, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Immigrant: May 1834, Le Havre, Seine-Maritime, Normandie, France; Ship: Sully Arrived: 14 Jul 1834 New York City

Notes:

Johann Christian Lander came into the world on 17 May 1782 in the small Saar valley town of Wiebelskirchen—then part of the principality of Nassau-Saarbrücken but already feeling the tremors of the French Revolution just across the Rhine. When the armies of the new French Republic swept through in 1793, the teenage Christian suddenly found himself a French citizen, his hometown renamed “Wiebelskirchen-sur-Sarre” and governed under the metric system. He grew to manhood during the Napoleonic Wars: watching local lads conscripted into the Grande Armée, learning to count coal output in kilograms instead of pounds, and hearing village elders grumble that borders meant little when the king in Paris—or later the emperor—could redraw them overnight.

Peace did not bring stability. After Napoleon fell in 1815, the Congress of Vienna handed most of the Saar to Prussia. Overnight Christian became a Prussian subject, obliged to pay new tariffs that made it harder to sell the iron-tinged coal his family mined from shallow pits on the hill above town. Marrying Maria Margarethe Koch in 1804, he tried to raise seven children on soil now scarred by fifteen years of war and wracked by post-war recession. By the early 1830s the Rhine-Palatinate was in the grip of “Auswanderungsfieber”—emigration fever—and pamphlets circulated through Bierstuben promising cheap land beyond the Atlantic and canals that carried wheat straight to global markets.

In the spring of 1834 Christian sold his cramped cottage and, with Maria and six of their children, reached Le Havre just in time to book steerage on the American packet-ship *Sully*. Their crossing lasted fifty-nine days, a blur of seasickness below and salt-stung winds above. Among the steerage passengers was a wiry Swiss adventurer named Johann August Sutter who passed evenings sketching dreams of empire on the Sacramento River. Deckside gossip told of an earlier eastbound *Sully* voyage in which a New-York professor named Samuel Morse had conceived an “electric telegraph.” Christian listened politely, too busy calming children and bailing rainwater from their bunks to imagine how those sparks of genius would someday report battles and crop prices faster than any horse.

The Landers made landfall at New York on 14 July 1834, hiring a Hudson River sloop and then a rickety Erie Canal packet to reach Steuben County, in western New York. There, freshly cleared forest and canal-side warehouses testified to a new America where wheat, hops, and lumber could float east for a fraction of their Old-World cost. Christian filed his intention to become a citizen in 1836 and bought eighty rolling acres near Dansville—land so cheap that he half-suspected a swindle until his first wheat crop fetched hard cash within months.

The children grew into the industrial age as surely as their father had grown into the age of revolutions. Johann Frederick, the eldest, kept the homestead and sent grain to Albany on the very ditch the family had ridden west. Johann Christian Jr. married Sophia Wagner, another Saar emigrant, and in 1863 watched their sons draw Union draft numbers from a lacquered drum—their family’s third brush with war in three generations, but this time for a new flag they had chosen themselves. Peter, restless like Sutter, followed the Ohio & Mississippi corridor to Yazoo County, Mississippi, where he mended shoes for both Union soldiers and bewildered freedmen during the wartime occupation of 1863. The twins, Jakob and Maria Catharina, remained in the Genesee Valley: Jakob turned mill-wright just as water-powered flour mills peaked, then learned the hard lessons of technological change when railroads and Chicago grain silos undermined his craft.

Meanwhile the inventions once outlined on *Sully*’s deck transformed Christian’s twilight years. In 1844 a telegraph line finally reached Rochester; by 1848 he could read almost-instant dispatches about European revolutions shaking the Rhineland he had left only fourteen years before. When gold was discovered at Sutter’s Mill that same winter, Christian’s children marveled that the bearded Swiss who shared their crowded berth had sparked a stampede that would wrench the nation westward.

Christian died on 1 May 1867, aged eighty-four, carried by rail—another wonder undreamed of in Napoleonic Saarland—to St. Peter’s Cemetery in Wayland. He had lived under three sovereigns without ever leaving his valley, then crossed an ocean to watch a fourth nation tear itself apart and heal again. His story threads the great nineteenth-century currents: the clash of empires, the mass German emigration, the canal and telegraph revolutions, the Gold Rush, and the crucible of America’s Civil War. Through it all, the Landers’ private milestones—births in a French département, a storm-tossed Atlantic crossing, a daughter’s wedding beside a boom-time canal, a grandson’s muster into Union blue—echoed the public events that reshaped continents and stitched together the modern world.


Immigrant:
On the same ship and voyage with John A. Sutter (later known for the California Gold Rush - Sutter's Mill)

During the 1 Oct 1832 crossing Captain Robert H. Pell’s cabin conversations about Oersted’s and Faraday’s experiments inspired fellow-passenger Samuel F. B. Morse to sketch the first workable electromagnetic telegraph and dot-and-dash code in his notebook—an epiphany Morse later swore “was born on the Sully.”

Johann married Maria Margarethe Koch on 3 Oct 1804 in Wiebelskirchen, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany. Maria (daughter of Johann Friedrich Koch and Maria Sara Schneider) was born on 20 Feb 1784 in Wiebelskirchen, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany; died about 1856 in Dansville, Steuben County, New York. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Immigrant: 1833, Le Havre, Seine-Maritime, Normandie, France; Ship: Cornelia Arrived: 6 Jul 1833 New York City

Notes:

John Lander, father of Elizabeth Maurer, was a representative of an aristocratic German family. He was born and reared in the fatherland, where he enjoyed exceptional educational privileges. In early life he learned the weaver's trade and after accumulating considerable wealth through following that vocation he turned his attention to agricultural pursuits. He was a man of strong mentality, of broad general information and though extensive travel he gained that knowledge and culture which only travel can bring.
"The Biographical record of the City of Rochester and Monroe County, New York"

Johannes married Maria Katherina Bleymehl on 02 Feb 1813 in Ottweiler, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany. Maria (daughter of Johann Caspar Bleymehl and Maria Catherina Dilk) was born on 16 Oct 1792 in Steinbach, Neunkirchen, Saarland, Germany; died on 8 Feb 1878 in Dansville, Steuben County, New York; was buried in Saint Peter's Cemetery, Perkinsville, Steuben County, New York. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]